Hydraulic jack



G. CAPELL HYDRAULIC JACK.

APPLICATION FILED JAN.21 1920.

1,364,865. Patented Jan. 11,1921.

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HYDRAULIC JACK.

APPLICATION FILED JAN.21,1920.

Patented Jan. 11, 1921.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

UNITED STATT-:s APATENT' OFFICE.

GUsTAv cAPELL, oF BBOLY'N, NEW Yonx, AssmNoR 'ro CAPELL AND PRALL, orBRooKLYN, NEW Yonx, A corAa'rNEnsHIr' coMPosED or GUs'rAv cAPELL ANDGUSTAV PRALL.

HYDRAULIC JACK.

Application ied January 2.1, 1920. `Seria1 No. 353,075.

To all Aw hom t fm any concern Be it known that I, GUs'rAv CArnLL, acitizen of the United States, residing at Brooklyn, county of Kings, andState of New ork, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inHydraulic Jacks, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to a portable hyn draulic jack, bein intendedmore particularly for uses suc jacking up automobile wheels where alight but power-ful jack is desirable or advantageous.

The invention has for an object to provide a portable hydraulic jackcharacterized by simplicity and -compactness of construction, by greatstrength and rigidity in proportion to its weight, and b general ease ofmanipulation both in raislng andlowering operations.

For further comprehension of the invention, and of the objects andadvantages thereof, reference will be had to the following descriptionand accompanying drawings, and to the appended claims in which thevarious novel features of the invention are more particularly set forth.

Figure 1 of the kdrawings is a side elevation of a portable hydraulicjack constructed according to my invention.

Fig. 2 is a plan view thereof.

Fig. 3 is an axial sectional view thereof taken at right angles to Fig.1.

Fig. 4. is a partial axial sectional view looking in the same directionas Fig. 1.

-F ig. 5 is a horizontal section on the .line 5-5 of Fig. 3.

Fig. 6 is a detail end view of the stationary plunger element.

ig. 7 is a detail axial sectional view of the air valve on thereservoir.

In the present embodiment of the invention the jack consists briefly ofa base upon which is supported a pump and a concentriformed with anintegral upwardly projecting annular pedestal 2, to which a plurality ofconcentric cylindrical members are secured at their lower ends, thepedestal preferablyv being formed with a series'of stepped recessesvinto which the said cylindrical members are screwed.

These cylindrical members comprise an inner member 5 which forms thefixed plunger Patented Jan. 11, 1921.

elementofthe jack and which isscrewed at its lower end as at 5 into thepedestal. Spaced outwardly from this member 5 is an intermediate guidemember 6 which forms the inner wall of the annular liquid receptacle andis screwed into the pedestal at its lower end as at 6. Surrounding thisintermediate member 6 is an outer casing member 7 which forms the outerwall of the liquid receptacle and is screwed into the pedestal I as at7.

rIfhe space between the wall members 6 and 7 is closed at its upper endby a ring 8 which is screwed into the upper end ofthe member 7 andclosely incloses the member 6, this space forming a reservoir 9.

he moving member of the jack comprises a' head 10 suitably shaped as maybe preferablev for the use to which the jack is to be put, this headbeing rigidly xed on and closing the upper end of a tube 11 forming thecylinder element of the jack, this tube extending downward between theplunger member 5 and the intermediate member 6.A

and fitting snugly upon the former and passing snugly through a flangedbushing 12 screwed into the upper end of the intermediate member. TheHange of this bushing 12 preferably bears against a packing ring 13 oflead or other suitable material. located in a suitable recess in theupper endfof the ring 8, thus forming a tight joint' between the ring 8and the interiorwall member 6.

The plunger 5 may have a suitable packing` ring 5a' on its upper endheld in place by a screw plug 5". The lower end'of this cylinder element11 is "preferably thickened as at 14 so as to bear slidably on the innersur-l face of the member 6, this thickened portionA forming a shoulderadapted to engage the bushing 12 to prevent displacement ofthe cylinderelement.

The pump of the jack is arranged cally on a block-like offset 15 fromthe ped estal 2 and, comprises a plunger 16 working in a cylinder 17screwed into a recess in the top of the offset 15, theplunger extendingupwardly throu h a stu mg box 18 on the upper end of t e cylinder, andbeing attached at its upper end to an operating lever 19 between theends of the latter. This lever is connected at one end to the upper endof a link' 20 whose lower end is pivoted in a bracket 21 on thebase-Hangs 1. The other end ofthe lever 19 is preferably of sllghtyupwardly as shown.

circular cross sectlon so as to receive a hollow handle 22 of anysuitable length by Y l which the lever is operated, this handle havingdiametrically opposed notches 23 formed in the end thereof for a purposeto be later set forth. j Y

The connections between the pump jack proper and reservoir are asfollows: From the reservoir 9 a passage 25 leads first downwardly andthen horizontally through the base, and finally upwardly to communicatewith the bottom of cylinder 17, the upturned portion being enlarged toform a valve chamber 26 for a ball valve 27 which prevents return flowof liqiriid to the receptacle from the pump. rom the valve chamber 26 apassage 28 leads inwardly through theI base above the passage 25 to the'center of the pedestal, being upturn at its inner end to communicatewith` a central passage 29 leading upwardly through the-entire length ofthe plunger 5. The lportion of passa e 28 immediately under the ottom ofthe p unger is enlarged as at 30 `to form another valve chamber in whichis located a ball valveI 31 which prevents return iiow of liquid fromthe jack cylinder to the pump. From the valve chamber 30 a passage 32leads outwardly in a plane at right angles to the passages incliningThis passage is enlarged at its outer end as at 33 to form a chamber forneedle valve 34, a vertical passage 35 leading from this valve chamberthrough the pedestal to the bottom of the receptacle 9. The needle valve34 has an enlarged threaded stem 36 which is threaded through a bushing37 screwed into the wall of thc pedestal, this stem having a head 38 ofa` diameter to fit freely into the end of the handle 22, studs 39projecting diametrically from op osite sides of this head.

I also pre erably provide a valve controlled air vent through the upperend of the liquid reservoir and to this end a b'ushin 40 is screwed intoan opening 41 in one si e of the ring 8, a small vertical 41 leadingdownwardly through t e ring from this opening. The bushing 40 has thestem 42 of a valve head 43 threaded therethrough, the valve head 43having a peripheral flange 44 on its inner end adjacent which areopenings 45 leading diametrically through the wall of the head to acentral passage 46 which extends outwardly through the stem 42. The stem42 has/a disk 47 on its outer end from opposite sides of which projectthe studs 48. It will be obvious that by rotating the stem 42 the flange44 of the valve head will be moved into or out of contact with the innerend of the bushing 40, thus closing or opening the air passages 45 and46. l

It is believed that the manner of operation 0f my improved jack will beapparent assage.

from the above description. Assuming the head 10 to be lowered and theair valve and needle valve 34 closed, the jack.is placed in properposition and the air valve opened to permit of free' access of air tothe reservoir 9. It is to be noted that both the air valve and needlevalve may be operated by placing the handle on the disk with the notchesengaging the studs, the inclined arrangement of the needle valve being'for the purpose of facilitating the operation thereof. The handle 22 isthen placed on the lever and pump plunger re'ciprocated. Upon theupstroke of the plunger the liquid, preferably oil, flows from thereceptacle 9 through passage 25 into the cylinder 17, lifting valve 27from its seat. As the plunger descends valve 27 closes passage 25 andthe liquid is forced through passage 28 and 29, lifting valve-31 fromits seat and raising the cylinder element 11 on which is fixed thelifting head 10. The valve 31 prevents back fiow from the cylinderelement as thepiston 16 again resumes itsv upstroke. When it is desiredto lower the jack the needle valve is opened and theV weight of theobject upon the head causes the, liquid to flow through passages 32 and35 back to the reservoir 9, the needle valve and air valve being thenpreferably closed to retain the liquid in the reservoir irrespective ofthe position the jack may assume.

In connection with my improved jack it is to be noted that thedisposition of the parts causes the jack proper to be braced by thewalls of the reservoir and I thus obtain increased rigidity in additionto compactness of form. It will be noted also that the handle 22 and thevalve operating disks 38 and 47 all extend in the same direction fromthe jack so as to all be easily reached when the jack is being used, asfor instance to raise the wheel of an automobile.

Having thus described my invention what I claim as new and desire toprotect by Letters Patent of the United States is as followsn:

1. A portable hydraulic jack comprising a base, an annular reservoirfixed on said base, a fixed plunger element on said base concentric tosaid reservoir, a movable cylinder element whose upper end is adapted4to engage the part to be lifted and whose lower end'is open andprojecting into the space between the said plunger and theinner wall ofthe said reservoir, means on the upper end of said reservoir slidablyengaging and bracing said cylinder element, means for forcing the liquidfrom said reservoir into said cylinder element, and means for permittingback How of said liquid to said reservoir.

2. A portable hydraulic jack comprising a base, an annular reservoir onsaid base, a fixed plunger element on said base concen- 'end is open andprojecting into the space between the said plungerand the inner wall ofthe said reservoir, means on the upper endof said reservoir slidablyengagingv and bracing said c linder element, a pump located on the saidbase at one side of the said reservoir, a conduit leading` from thebottom of the said reservoir through the said base to the said pump, a'check valve in said conduit, a second conduit leading from the pump,through the base'l and upwardly throughA the said plunger element, acheck valveV on said second conduit, and a third vconduit leading fromthe second conduit to the said reservoir, .and a manually operable valvecontrolling the said third conduit.

3. A portable hydraulic jack comprising a base, a ixed plunger elementon said base, a cylinder element slidable on said.

plunger element, an annular reservoir surrounding and braclng saidcylinder element,

means for forcing the liquid from said reservoir into said cylinderelement', and means permitting' back'ow of-said liquid to saidreservoir.

4. A portable hydraulic tjack comprising a base, plunger and cylinderelements on.

said base, an annular reservoir surrounding said lunger and cylinderelements, ag pump for orcing the liquid from said reservoir intothesaidcylinder element, a valve for lcontrolling back low of liquid tosaid reservoir, av valve controlling an air vent to said reservoir, saidvalves having handles adapt,- ed for operation by the operating handleof the pump.

5. A portable hydraulic jack comprising a base including a bottom flangeand a pedestal, said pedestal having a lateral offset from onesidethereof, an annular reservoir on said edestal, a fixed plunger elementon said pe estal projecting upwardly'-from the said pedestal concentrictothe said reservoir and spaced inwardly from the innerwall of thelatter, a movablecylinder element surrounding said plunger element, andslidably engaging both the latter and the inner wall of the reservoir, apump mounted onsaid odset, conduits leading through said base adapted toconvey the liquid from said reservoir to said pump and from the latterto said cylinder element, and check valves in said conduits.`

V6. A portable hydraulic jack comprislng a base including a bottomiiange and a pedestal, saidv pedestal having a lateral offset from onesidethereof, an annular reservoir on said pedestal, a fixed plungerelement on Vsaid pedestal projecting upwardly from the saidpedestalconcentric to the said reservoir and spaced inwardly. fromtheinner wall of the latter, a movable cy-hnder element surrounding saidplunger element, and fitting snugly between the inner wall of thereservoir and the plunger element, .a pump mounted on 'said offset,conduits leading through said base adapted to convey the liquid fromsaid reservoir to said pump and from the latter to said cylinderelement,and check valves insaid conduits, and an additional conduit leading romsaid cylinder yelement back to said reservoir, and a manually operablevalve controlling said last mentioned conduit. l

7. A portable hydraulic jack comprising 'a base including a bottomflange and a pedestal, said pedestal having a lateral oi'set from oneside thereof, an outercylindrical casing screwed at its lower end intosaid pedestal, an intermediate cylindrical casing screwed at its lowerend into saidpedestal, a ring screwed into the upper end of the. outercas-` ing and closely engaging the 'intermediate casing, a fixed plungerelement screwed at its lower end into said pedestal within andconcentric to the said casings, a moyable cylyinder element inclosingsaidl plunger element and being in slidable engagement with the innerwall of said intermediate casing, 'a pumpupon said offset, a conduitleading Afrom the space between the .said casings through the said baseto the said pump, a

check valve in' said conduit, a second conduit leadin from said pumpthrough said base and p unger elementi a check valve in said secondconduit, a thirid` conduit leadingfrom `a point on said second conduitabove the said check Valve through the base to the space between thesaid casings, a manually operable valve on said third conduit.

8. A portable `hydraulic jack comprising a base including a bottomliange and a pedestal, said pedestal having a lateral offset from oneside thereof, an outer cylindrical casing screwed at its lower end intosaid pedestal, an intermediate cylindrical casing screwed at its lowerend -into said pedestal, a ring screwed into the upper end of the outerlcasing and closely engaging the intermediate casing, a ,xed plunger?element screwed at its lower. end into saidl pedestal within andconcentric to the said casings, a

movable cylinder element inclosing saidl plunger element and being inslidable engagement with the inner wall of said intermediate casing, apump upon saidoffset, a conduit leadingfromthe space between the saidcasings through the said base to the s aid pump, a check valve in saidconduit, a second conduit y leading from lsaid pump through said baseand plunger element, a check valve in said second conduit,.a thirdconduit leading from a-point on said second conduit above'the said checkvalve through y "the base tothe space between the said casings, amanually operable walve on said third conduit and a manually operablevalve 9. A portable hydraulic jack comprisinga base including a bottomflange and a vpedestal, said pedestal having a lateral offset from oneside thereof, an outer cylindricalA casing screwed at its lower end intosaid pedestal, an intermediate cylindrical casing screwed at its lowerend into said pedestal, a ring screwed into the upper end of the outercasing and closely engaging the intermediate casing, a fixed plungerelement Screwed at its lower end into said pedestal within andconcentric to the said casings, a movable cylinder element inclosingsaid plunger element and being in slidable engagement with the innerwall of said intermediate casing, a pump upon said offset, a conduitleading from the space between the said casings `through the said baseto the said pump, a

checkvalve in said conduit, va second conduit leading from said pumpthrough said base and plunger element, a check valve in said secondconduit, a third conduit leading from a point on Said second conduitabove the said check valve through the base to the space between thesaid easings, a manually operable valveY on saidthird conduit and amanually operable valve on the Said ring controlling an air vent to theSpace between the said casings said manually operable valves and saidpump being adapted for operation by a common handle.

In testimony whereof I have affixed my signature.

GUSTAV -CAPELL.

